Czeskie dziewiętnasto- i dwudziestowieczne porównania z komponentem ZWIERZĘ

Abstract

Article is situated in a current of research on linguistic picture of the world. Subject of analysis are Czech’s nineteenth and twentieth century comparative structu- res motivated by a world of animals. Presentation of factors, which shape opposition human – animal in language and culture, is a starting point for considerations. In the further part, comparison was discussed as a phraseological unit of Czech language, as well as contribution of animals names in creating comparison, describing characteri- stics and human behaviors. Manner of evaluation in those structures was also descri- bed, in which animals names fundamentally serve for negative evaluation. On the example of chosen comparisons, with native and exotic animals names, similarities and differences were indicated in their functioning in nineteenth and twentieth centu- ry. Detailed analysis of comparisons with component svině served as an example of language-cultural differences, which was fullfiled in Czech language over the late nineteenth and early twentieth century.