Wewnętrzne dysproporcje wzrostu gospodarczego w procesie uprzemysławiania krajów rozwijających się

Abstract

Economic dualism of the developing countries consisting in co-existence of capitalist sector and state property along with a sector representing pre-capitalistic production relations, reveals its spatial aspect in concentrating the first sector in huge urban agglomerations and the existence of agriculture in the remaining regions. Many authors hope that a process of industrialization of those countries with the revolutionary function of industry towards traditional agriculture yould level spatial and sector disproportions in economy. Yet, the analysis of basic directions of industrialization in the developing countries, carried out according to sources of accumulation (industrialization by foreign investments, by private internal capital and by a state) does not confirm that thesis. Contrary, features of the developed industries effect a stable growth of a spatial and sectorial concentration of economic development what in turn results in concentration of incomes. In consequence, the stable dichotomy between growth enclaves and regions and sectors of structural stagnation exists. The verifying material in this respect is furnished by experiences of the so called newly industrialized states. Basic features of industry in those countries causing the mechanism of self expanding concentration of economic development both spatially and sectorially are a subject of analysis. The following have to be ranked among them: use of technology which its not adjusted to labor market in those states., carrying out industrialization on the basis of mostly foreign sources, orienting certain types of production exclusively onto foreign markets; in respect of the industry designed for the internal market a structural limitation of capacities and stimuli for internal accumulation is the discussed feature.