Środki międzynarodowej kontroli pokojowego wykorzystania energii atomowej

Abstract

The article discusses a question of functioning of means of international control of peaceful utilization of atomic energy — a problem of great importance for modern international law. In the introducting part the author presents basic remarks on the essence of international control as one of the institutions securing effectiveness of norms of international law. This serves as grounds for stating an issue of international control for peaceful 'utilization of atomic energy with indicating specific features of control activities in that scope. Essential discussion is concentrated on questions of character of means of international control for peaceful utilization of atomic energy. Those problems are presented on a basis of cardinal outline of legal structure of control system of International Atomic Energy Agency, which consists of Agency Statute, Safeguards Document, Inspectors Document as well as 'provisions of relevant Safeguards Agreements. Upon a study odi basic regulation of international law concerning the IAEA control system it is indicated by the author that these provide a combination of two types of means of control i.e. means of disclosure and of verification. Particular attention is drawn by the author to functioning of the records system (accounting records, operating records), reports system (initial reports, inventory change reports, material balance reports, special reports) and the inspections system (ad hoc inspections, routine inspections, special inspections). The author also points ont at the possibilities of undertaking actions by the IAEA having character of sanctions in cases of ascertaining a breach of international agreements adopted by states in that scape.