Od religijności ewangelicznej do religijności obywatelskiej. Antynomie koncepcji religijności w filozofii Jean-Jacques’a Rousseau

Abstract

This article analyzes the philosophy of religion and the social philosophy of the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The proposed thesis is that Rousseau has created two different secular concepts of religion. These are evangelical religion and religiosity Citizens. The first type is subjective and individual religiosity, with a tendency toward being emotional and non-dogmatic. The second type of religiosity is associated with the construction of a new society based on the general will. While the first type of religiosity is a relatively tolerant kind of religiosity, the second type is more authoritarian and is associated primarily with a proper relationship with the state. Rousseau’s philosophy is therefore thought to contain deep paradoxes, as it is difficult to reconcile these two types of religion.