Wpływ spuścizny filozofii greckiej na kulturę islamu

Abstract

Damian Kokoć – THE IMPACT OF GREEK PHILOSOPHICAL HERITAGE ON ISLAM’S CULTURE One of the key elements, which influenced the culture of Islam in the first centuries of its existence was the Greek philosophical heritage. It had played a role of great importance in such domains like theology or philosophy, and this way it had influenced on religious and scientific thinking of Muslims. Muslim scholars did develop in a creative manner the Greek output taken by them. Falasifa’s, that is philosophers, did relate their writings mostly to Plato, Aristotle and neoplatonic philosophy. In their systems they did in most cases a synthesis of the views of Stagi-rita with neoplatonic philosophy creating an original metaphysical doctrines. Inspirations of ancient thought are mostly visible by Al-Farabi, Avicenna, Al-Ghazali or Averroes. On the other hand Mutakallims, that is theologians, especially from the Ash’ari school, did recall the Democritic atom-ism. An other product of Greek thought, which influenced Islam was the Gnosis. Gnostic ideas did find its reflection between others in Koran, but it was visible in the most significant way in the Shiite prophetic philosophy.