SWOBODA DZIAŁALNOŚCI GOSPODARCZEJ A SYSTEM ZASILANIA KAPITAŁOWEGO PRZEDSIĘBIORSTW

Abstract

The external environment of an enterprise, shaped by the state, should support and facilitate the realisation of constitutional principles, including the freedom of economic activity. One of the necessary conditions for the realisation of this principle is the availability of capital resources for businesses at every stage of their development. The paper identifies the gaps existing in the system of capital supply for enterprises which limit the availability of equity capital or bank loans, or hinder the access to the market of public funding. Their impeding role as barriers for the functioning of an enterprise differs at each individual stage of the development of an enterprise. The effects of the identified gaps have been presented, including an increase in the economic activity risk resulting from the substituting of equity capital by lease, and the phenomenon of fixed capital redistribution by trade credit. Attempts to diagnose the causes of the occurrence of gaps in the capital supply system have been made to show that one of the important factors that weaken the principle of freedom of economic activity are the very attitudes of the entrepreneurs themselves.