O zasadach organizujących ład społeczny. Próba interpretacji typologii zachowań zbiorowych Stanisława Ossowskiego

Abstract

The starting point of this article is the typology of collective behaviours by St. Ossowski. The purpose of the considerations is an attempt to formulate a general form of each of the three basic types and to present research possibilities offered by this theoretical conception. The author assumes that the most fundamental element differentiating between particular types of order are the principles organizing social order. Three basic principles can be distinguished: 1) rationality — prevailing in organizing the behaviours of the policentric type; 2) functionality — prevailing in monocentric collectivities; and 3) traditionality — prevailing in collectivities characterized by the internal order of the „collective representations" type. Besides, within each of the principles one can distinguish various criteria whose maximalisation the principle is to serve. The classification of a given collectivity into one of the basic types of collective behaviours makes it necessary to indicate these two categories; other differences may be treated as reducible to the above two categories.