Metastability and phase separation in a simple model of a superconductor with extremely short coherence length

Abstract

We present studies of the atomic limit of the extended Hubbard model with pair hopping for arbitrary electron density and arbitrary chemical potential. The Hamiltonian consists of (i) the effective on-site interaction U and (ii) the intersite charge exchange term I, determining the hopping of electron pairs between nearest-neighbour sites. In the analysis of the phase diagrams and thermodynamic properties of this model we treat the intersite interactions within the mean-field approximation. In this report we focus on metastable phases and determine their ranges of occurrence. Our investigations in the absence of the external magnetic field show that the system analysed exhibits tricritical behaviour. Two metastable phases (superconducting and nonordered) can exist inside the regions of the phase separated state stability and a first-order transition occurs between these metastable phases.